Understanding the Prevalence of Migraines in Seniors
Migraines in seniors are less common compared to younger individuals. By the time people reach 70, only about 10% of women and 5% of men report experiencing migraines. However, they can still occur even in later years.
Migraines in Seniors: Causes and Symptoms
Migraine is a complex neurological disorder characterised by recurrent episodes of moderate to severe headache, typically unilateral (affecting one side of the head) and often accompanied by symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and heightened sensitivity to light and sound.
Migraines in seniors can be attributed to several factors; these can include:
Hormonal changes
In women, menopause leads to a decline in oestrogen levels, which can stimulate or exacerbate migraines. Similarly, men experience andropause, resulting in decreased testosterone levels that may also affect migraine patterns.
Vascular factors
Age-related changes in the vascular system, such as increased arterial stiffness and cardiovascular diseases like hypertension and atherosclerosis, can influence blood flow to the head. These changes may heighten the susceptibility to migraines among seniors.
Medication side effects
Seniors often take multiple medications for various health conditions, which can cause medication-induced migraines. Certain drugs, such as vasodilators and calcium channel blockers, may worsen migraine symptoms.
Comorbid health conditions
The prevalence of chronic health conditions—such as diabetes, obesity, and mood disorders—can also contribute to the frequency and severity of migraines in older adults. These comorbidities complicate diagnosis and treatment approaches.
Lifestyle and environmental factors
Changes in lifestyle habits due to ageing—such as altered sleep patterns, dietary changes, and reduced physical activity—can influence migraine occurrence. Environmental factors, such as weather changes or exposure to bright lights may also provoke migraines in seniors.
Ways to Prevent and Manage Migraines in Seniors
If you currently experience migraines or wish to prevent them, here are the strategies that you can follow:
Maintain regular sleep patterns
Consistent sleep schedules can help prevent migraine onset. Seniors should aim for 7-9 hours of quality sleep each night.
Stay hydrated
Adequate fluid intake is crucial, as dehydration can also trigger migraines. Seniors should drink water regularly throughout the day.
Healthy diet
Eating regular meals and avoiding known dietary triggers (such as aged cheeses, processed meats, and excessive caffeine) can reduce migraine frequency. Keeping a food diary may help identify specific triggers.
Stress management
Techniques such as meditation, deep breathing exercises, or yoga can help lower stress levels, which is a common cause of migraines.
Medication management
Overuse of acute headache treatments can lead to rebound headaches. Thus, it is important to use medications as prescribed and discuss any concerns with a doctor.
If you are experiencing a severe headache or migraine that disrupts your daily activities, it is recommended to seek medical attention for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Never self-medicate with over-the-counter drugs, as this could lead to significant health risks.
