5 Surprising Facts About Diabetes

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder that happens when the body does not produce sufficient insulin or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. When insulin is ineffective or insufficient, glucose accumulates in the bloodstream, leading to hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) and potential damage to various body systems over time. 

Despite the prevalence of diabetes, there are some surprising facts about the condition that you might not be aware of. Here are some of them: 

Diabetes Has 3 Types

Diabetes is primarily classified into three main types: Type 1, Type 2, and gestational diabetes (Type 3). 

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune condition where the immune system attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. This results in little to no insulin production, leading to high blood sugar levels. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterised by insulin resistance, where the body’s cells do not respond effectively to insulin. 

Gestational diabetes (GDM) is the third type of diabetes that occurs during pregnancy when the body cannot produce enough insulin to meet the increased demands. This type of diabetes typically resolves after childbirth, but women who experience GDM have a higher risk of developing Type 2 diabetes later in life. 

T2D is the Most Common Type of Diabetes

Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes, accounting for approximately 90–95% of all diabetes cases worldwide. The high prevalence of T2D is largely attributed to lifestyle factors such as unhealthy diet, sedentary behaviour, obesity, and ageing. 

Signs of Undiagnosed Diabetes

Symptoms can be the same for Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes, but signs typically manifest faster in people who have Type 1. Signs of diabetes can include: 

• Fatigue
• Increased thirst and hunger
• Frequent urination
• Blurry vision
• Tingling sensations in hands and feet
• Slowly healing wounds and sores
• Unexplained weight loss

Diabetes is the Leading Cause of Deaths Globally

Data released by the World Health Organization (WHO) indicated that deaths due to diabetes have increased by 70% worldwide since the year 2000. 

Individuals with diabetes face a significantly higher risk of mortality from various conditions, including cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and infections. Mortality can increase by 2 to 3 times for people with diabetes compared to non-diabetic individuals. 

Diabetes is More Common in Seniors

As we age, our bodies may become less sensitive to insulin, a condition known as insulin resistance. Over time, this can lead to type 2 diabetes. Moreover, the pancreas, which produces insulin, may not function as efficiently with age. This decline can reduce insulin production, leading to higher blood sugar levels.

A sedentary lifestyle, poor eating habits, weight gain, and even genetics can increase our risk of having diabetes. 

Managing the complexities of diabetes can be challenging, but knowledge is a powerful tool in dealing with this condition. By understanding the five essential insights shared above, you’ll get to know more about diabetes and take proactive steps toward better health and well-being.